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Downloadable and recorded computer software and mobile applications for tracking, processing, estimating and paying of tolls and fees for use of roadways and parking spaces, for billing drivers or responsible payors for fees and costs associated therewith; Downloadable and recorded computer software and mobile applications for tracking, processing, transferring liability from the registered owner of a vehicle to the responsible driver where available, and paying of photo enforcement and parking violations and fees, and for billing drivers or responsible payors for fees and costs associated therewith; Downloadable and recorded computer software and mobile applications for processing and maintaining road vehicle and tag registrations, renewals and title transfers; Downloadable and recorded computer software and mobile applications for planning routes and calculating tolls, and for connecting drivers to roadside assistance services; Road vehicle law enforcement and surveillance apparatuses for measuring and recording speed and position, namely, laser speed and position detectors, sonar apparatuses, lidar apparatuses, radar apparatuses, computer hardware, and video and still image speed calculation devices all of the foregoing featuring embedded, downloadable, or recorded software for measuring and recording speed that stores the speed data on the device; Road vehicle law enforcement and surveillance apparatuses for measuring and recording speed and position, namely, laser speed and position detectors, sonar apparatuses, lidar apparatuses, radar apparatuses, computer hardware, and video and still image speed calculation devices, all of the foregoing featuring embedded, downloadable, or recorded software for measuring and recording speed that transmits the speed data to an online software platform; Photographic, optical, measuring, signaling, checking instruments for capturing and analyzing still and moving images and information captured therein of traffic scenes and individual road vehicles in particular instruments for measuring the position or speed of such vehicles, namely, image processing video cameras, lasers for speed and position detection, magnetic or inductive loop sensors, radar apparatus, sonar, lidar apparatus and road sensors that sense speed and position of vehicles; Red-light cameras; Cameras; Video cameras; Automatic license plate recognition systems comprised of cameras, computer processers, computer hardware, a screen to display video in the nature of a video monitor and downloadable and recorded computer software for interpreting license plate information; Downloadable and recorded computer software for detecting, processing, communicating, analyzing and recording information, data and images with regard to speed limits, red lights, railroad crossings, school zone limitations, school bus regulations, toll roads, road usage charging, automotive fleet management, on and off-street parking, lane restrictions, congestion fees, intersection enforcement, traffic conditions and other violations and assessments, and for analyzing, compiling and utilizing computerized databases with road vehicle registration, license plate information, violation and payment history, and for producing and transmitting reports, evidence, citations and payment notices in the fields of tolls, parking and traffic enforcement, and for aggregating toll, parking and traffic enforcement data; Surveillance equipment, namely, apparatuses in the nature of cameras and computer hardware with embedded, downloadable, or recorded software for detecting, logging, reporting and recording information, data and images regarding road vehicles, passengers, and streets, and electric detectors for detecting and scanning license plates for purposes of road vehicle identification; Recording equipment, namely, cameras, speed and distance detection devices, computer hardware, all of the foregoing featuring downloadable, or recorded software for collecting, processing and analyzing road vehicle movement data and images that stores such data and images on the devices to determine traffic law violations, traffic flow characteristics, road vehicle registration, traffic counts, and to collect evidence, and associate a road vehicle and owner with a violation, fine or assessment; Recording equipment, namely, cameras, speed and distance detection devices, computer hardware, all of the foregoing featuring downloadable, or recorded software for collecting, processing and analyzing road vehicle movement data and images that transmits the data and images to an online software platform to determine traffic law violations, traffic flow characteristics, road vehicle registration, traffic counts, and to collect evidence, and associate a road vehicle and owner with a violation, fine or assessment; Computer hardware and downloadable and recorded computer software for applying artificial intelligence, neural networks and adaptive systems to road vehicle or traffic flow classification and identification, and for determining an adaptive response to detected data and image inputs; Electronic system consisting of downloadable and recorded software, a video capture hardware card and a neural network recognition accelerator card all of which are to acquire video images of a traffic scene, interprets the images to detect and track road vehicles approaching an intersection, measures their speeds and determines whether they will stop when a traffic light cycles to red, providing an indication when it is safe for road vehicles and pedestrians to cross the street; Downloadable and recorded computer software for recognizing characters from images, and to analyze video and images; Handheld lidar apparatus; Radio-frequency identification (RFID) readers; Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags; Downloadable and recorded computer software and computer hardware in the field of digital asset management that allows the user to track, audit and associate a person or object with a road vehicle; Computer hardware and downloadable and recorded software system for monitoring the entry and exit of passengers on buses and other vehicles; Road vehicle traffic speed detection and violation enforcement detection systems primarily comprised of electrical connector housings, electric network connectors, audiovisual receivers and transmitters, radio-frequency receivers and transmitters, receivers and transmitters of electronic signals, video cameras, still cameras, lasers for speed and position detection, sonar, position sensors and timers; Image capture systems in the nature of networked license plate reading systems all primarily comprised of a video camera, optical character recognition downloadable and recorded software operating on a central processing unit, and network computer hardware, with downloadable and recorded software to operate video cameras and to connect and network such software and hardware components; Automated photo enforcement systems primarily comprised of cameras and electronic and computer remote storage devices; Photographic flash units for cameras; Flash bulbs; Flash lamps for cameras; Downloadable and recorded computer software to detect emissions; Smoke and emission detection units comprised of cameras, photographic flash units for cameras and computers