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sources to generate light, namely lasers and light-emitting diodes; active and passive optical components to transport and modify the optical characteristics of light, namely fiber optics, polarizers, isolators, modulators, integrated optical devices, lenses, mirrors, filters and reticles; mechanical components to manipulate the optical components, namely mechanical and electro-mechanical positioning stages; photosensitive devices to detect, sense, and record light patterns and signals, namely photodetectors, and image converters; high-speed, low-noise, and signal acquisition electronic circuits, lock-in amplifiers, pulse compression circuits, feedback and control circuits, power suppliers, and temperature controllers to drive the aforementioned instruments and components and for processing signals and images; all for use in systems and subsystems for communication, measurement, sensing, testing and laboratory experimentation