Chemical preparations for the diagnosis of diabetes; medicines for diabetes; pharmaceutical preparations for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders, related diseases, related conditions and complications of diabetes mellitus, specifically, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, delayed wound healing, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, elevated blood levels of fatty acids, elevated blood levels of glycerol, hyperlipidemia, obesity, gestational diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, atherosclerosis, hypertension, microvascular and macrovascular diabetic complications