Radio spectrum monitoring equipment; radio spectrum scanning equipment; monitoring apparatus, namely, a radio wave spectrum sensor; systems for geo-location of radio frequency (RF) transmitters and emitters comprising one or more radio frequency (RF) receivers and/or detectors and at least one processing unit to calculate results; radio geolocation systems for geolocation of radio frequency (RF) emitters comprising more than one radio frequency (RF) receiver and at least one processing unit to calculate results using techniques such as time difference of arrival and power on arrival; direction finding systems for determining bearing to RF transmitters and emitters comprising one or more radio frequency (RF) receivers and at least one processing unit to calculate results; phase measurement and power measurement antenna arrays; wideband radio frequency (RF) detection equipment; power detection sensors; digital radio frequency memory (DRFM) systems comprising one or more electronic data recorder and retrieval units, inputs from one or more radio frequency (RF) receivers, together with hardware and software for playback, visualization and analysis of data ; transmitting sets, namely, radio transmitters; distributed spectrum monitoring systems comprising one or more radio frequency (RF) receivers and/or detectors and at least one processing unit to calculate results; networks of spectrum monitoring equipment comprising one or more radio frequency (RF) receivers and/or detectors connected via a wireless or wired network connection to one or more computers ; multi-mission spectrum monitoring systems comprising one or more radio frequency (RF) receivers and/or detectors and at least one processing unit to calculate results; real-time spectrum monitoring systems comprising one or more radio frequency (RF) receivers and/or detectors and at least one processing unit to calculate results; event triggered spectrum monitoring systems comprising one or more radio frequency (RF) receivers and/or detectors and at least one processing unit to calculate results; intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) spectrum operations systems comprising one or more radio frequency (RF) receivers and/or detectors and at least one processing unit to calculate results; real-time spectrum operations systems comprising one or more radio frequency (RF) receivers and/or detectors and at least one processing unit to calculate results; remote control apparatus for radio frequency (RF) monitoring equipment; computer software for monitoring radio signals or emissions; computer programs for monitoring radio signals or emissions; computer programs for signal analysis, signal classification and signal intelligence; computer programs for mapping and visualisation of signals and spectral data; media for computers, namely, computer software for monitoring radio signals or emissions; instructional manuals in electronic form recorded on computer media; all of the foregoing in the field of radio frequency spectrum monitoring and analysis for regulatory, defense, aerospace and security agencies; none of the aforementioned goods in the computer networking, wireless networking, and information technology fields