Medical apparatus, namely, monitors to detect fetal and maternal vital signs, physical distress, and physical conditions in the nature of fetal heart rate, fetal heart variability, accelerations, and decelerations, fetal heart response to uterine activity, fetal biophysical profile, fetal ECG, maternal heart rate, maternal ECG, maternal uterine activity, including spatiotemporal electrohysterography patterns and intrauterine pressure, for use in the fields of obstetrics and veterinary obstetrics; electronic medical and veterinary monitors for use in diagnosing and monitoring physical conditions, namely, fetal distress, including fetal hypoxia, abnormalities including maternal or fetal arrhythmias, fetal heart rate, maternal or fetal brachycardia, maternal or fetal tachycardia, problems with umbilical cord or fetal presentation, labor progress or inertia, contraction efficiency, pharmaceutical efficacy, toxicity, or titration, dystocia, false labor, including Braxton Hicks contractions, evaluations, pre-term labor evaluations, maternal and fetal well-being during cesarean section and non-obstetric surgery, predictions of term or preterm delivery, and predictions of uterine contractile strength